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MathML - Presentation on Web pages

Theory

MathML markup language is a modern, well-suited for the presentation of mathematical content on the websites, it also enables conversion of symbolic expressions using scientific software (Computer algebra systems), such as Maple or Mathematica. MathML is a tool designed specifically to record athematic expressions (mostly of their construction) is recommended for this purpose by the WWW Consortium (W3C
). MathML is not part of XHTML, it is built like a separate language for XML-based XHTML. Do not expect so that everyone understands the marking scheme will be properly format the XHTML MathML expressions. However, all understood the XML browser should cope with MathML. For the correct interpretation of MathML You need to provide information about the syntax (DTD) and a line of content items (styles). Information of the elements and set the style to be transmitted via a browser command header XML.W3C language has developed recommendations for the direct deposition of elements of the language MathML in XHTML documents, they found expression in the formal specification known as XHTML 1.1 + MathML-2.0. MathML has two ways of marking: presentation and treściowy. The first one is focused primarily on the use of typography and the second - mainly to perform calculations.

Example for a circle equation


Notacja Prezentacyjna:
\u0026lt;math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" mode="display">
\u0026lt;mrow>
\u0026lt; msup> \u0026lt;mi> x \u0026lt;/ I> \u0026lt;mn> 2 \u0026lt;/ mn> \u0026lt;/ msup>
\u0026lt;mo> + \u0026lt;/ mo>
\u0026lt;msup> \u0026lt;mi> y \u0026lt;/ I> \u0026lt;mn> 2 \u0026lt;/ mn> \u0026lt;/ msup>
\u0026lt;/ mrow> <mo>=</mo> <msup><mi>R</mi><mn>2</mn></msup>
</math>

<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" 
    
  
 mode="display"> 
  
  
    <apply> <eq/> 
  
  
    <apply> <plus />
    <apply> <power />
<ci>x</ci> 
         <cn>2</cn>         </apply>         <apply> <power />   
       <ci>y</ci>   
       <cn>2</cn>   
      </apply>   
      </apply>   
      <apply> \u0026lt;power />  
  \u0026lt;ci> R \u0026lt;/ ci>  
  \u0026lt;cn> 2 \u0026lt;/ cn>  
  \u0026lt;/ apply>  
  \u0026lt;/ apply>  
  \u0026lt; ; / math>  
   
   
   
   
 Presentation MathML   
  to make a presentation to the XML document we use the styles, if there is no fixed  style - there will be a presentation of an XML element. Today 
 can be used to create styles:     CSS - Cascading Style Sheets 
  JSS
- styles, JavaScript, and XSL 
  
 - styles of presentational language derived from XML
Even if we provide a style for your browser, you may find understand that some of it and the other not, for example:
Opera (v 7.21)
- understands very well the CSS styles, but does not implement XSL.




Internet Explorer - Problem with XSL transformations. They are disabled by default if the IE security located on a server other than the XML document. The solution is to put them in a directory that uses the XML transformations. In addition, it also has display problems. The solution is to install MathPlayer. It is available at:
http://www.dessci.com/en/products/mathplayer/

Mozilla

- No fonts needed to display the formulas. The solution is to install them using the installer from the website:
http://www.mozilla.org/projects/mathml/fonts/

generally can independently interpret the markup presentation, however, can not cope with markers treściowymi unless we provide the appropriate styles. Other browsers using the Gecko engine to display web pages, eg
Mozilla Suite (now in draft unsupported)
Firefox SeaMonkey
Netscape 6.x 7.x, 8.x (in parallel with motor Trident)
It supports a MathML-to such an extent as Mozilla.
There is also a problem with formatting via CSS - considerable reduction in the control order and the mutual position of boxes zawierającyh formatted expressions. For this reason, there are complete sets of styles for MathML written in XSL.

NOTE:
  • XHTML 1.1 + MathML-2.0;
  • The correct interpretation of the language elements of MathML in browsers such as
    • Amaya, Mozilla, Netscape Navigator, Internet Explorer with MathPlayer module can be achieved
  • follows:




first
name and MIME type of document:

    document file should be named with the extension xml or MML. This way to deliver information about the type of browser data in the MIME sense: it should be text / xml or application / xml for XHTML document with root element html and text / mathml in a situation where the file contains only
  • MathML expression, and the root element math. Of course you must take care of such a configuration server to send the headers.


    second

Document Preamble: The preamble must be included: the declaration of the XML version of the declaration of the code used information, the declaration sheet Style and the declaration of the document type definition DTD. We use the following header:


\u0026lt;? Xml version = "1.0" encoding = "iso-8859-2"?>
\u0026lt;? Xml-stylesheet type = "text / xsl" href = "http://www.w3.org/mathml.xsl?> \u0026lt;! DOCTYPE html PUBLIC" - / / W3C / / DTD XHTML 1.1 plus MathML 2.0 / / EN "
" http://www.w3.org/TR/MathML2/dtd/xhtml-math11-f.dtd ">

\u0026lt;html xmlns =" \u200b\u200bhttp://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml "

xmlns: math = "http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> followed these simple XHTML head and body elements. If the document uses only presentation MathML notation, it is enough to pmathml.xsl style. You must change the entry in the declaration of the stylesheet (pmathml.xsl mathml.xsl instead.) It's worth doing, because sending and processing will be shorter.


third

stylesheet processing problems in IE:

IE by default, refuses to be formatted XML document downloaded from a server based on a set that was downloaded from another machine. For this reason, the style sheets:

ctop.xslmathml.xslpmathmlcss.xslpmathml.xsl
we need to copy to a directory on the server provides the document and modify the path in the preamble, so that the did not show:

\u0026lt;? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "iso-8859-2"?> \u0026lt;? xml-stylesheet type = "text / xsl" href = "[nazwa_katalogu_ze_stylami] / mathml. xsl "?>
\u0026lt;DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "- / / W3C / / DTD XHTML 1.1 plus MathML 2.0 / / EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/MathML2/dtd/xhtml-math11-f.dtd">
\u0026lt; ; html xmlns = "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns: math = "http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">



4th
Problems with DTDs:




If we have problems just from the DTD it should again change the contents of the preamble:
\u0026lt;? Xml version = "1.0" encoding = "iso-8859- 2 "?>
\u0026lt;? Xml-stylesheet type = "text / xsl" href = "[nazwa_katalogu_ze_stylami] / mathml.xsl?> \u0026lt;! DOCTYPE html PUBLIC" - / / W3C / / DTD XHTML 1.1 plus MathML 2.0 / / EN " [nazwa_katalogu_z_DTD] / mathml.dtd">
\u0026lt;html xmlns = "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns: math = "http://www.w3. org/1998/Math/MathML "> And as mentioned above, this time to put the sheets in the DTD directory on our server. While the file [nazwa_katalogu_z_DTD] / DTD mathml.dtd contains truncated, containing only the declarations of individuals.

Useful Links




MathML
Home Page

, The W3 Consortium
, 1998-2003


MathML
Central
, Wofram
Research, 2003
  1. MathML - mathematical formulas on the Web , Magazine I-10, OWN
    2. School Publishing, 2002
  2. Peter Rowlett: MathML : the current state of play , 2003
  3. MathML In Mozilla , Mozilla.org , 1998–2003
  4. MathML and Related Links , Learning and Teaching Support Network , 2003
  5. MathPlayer , Design Science , 1996–2003
    6. Welcome to Amaya
  6. , The W3 Consortium , 1998–2003 W3C Software list , The W3 Consortium
  7. Jaromir Świechowski
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